Income Tax Act, 2025  ·  Chapter IV — Computation of Total Income  ·  Section 84

Section 84
Capital gains on compulsory acquisition of lands

IT Act 2025 Chapter IV Effective 1 April 2026 Old: 54D
New Provision
Section 84, IT Act 2025
Replaces (IT Act 1961)
54D
Chapter
Chapter IV — Computation of Total Income
Effective From
1 April 2026
Statutory Text — Section 84

(1) Where an assessee has–– (a) capital gains arising from the transfer by way of compulsory acquisition under any law, of a capital asset being land or building or any right in land or building, forming part of an industrial undertaking belonging to him, which was being used by the assessee for the business of the said undertaking in the two years immediately preceding the date of transfer (original asset); and (b) within three years after that date, purchased any other land or building or any right in any other land or building or constructed any other building for shifting or re-establishing the said undertaking or setting up another industrial undertaking (new asset), then, instead of the capital gain being charged to income-tax as income of the tax year in which the transfer took place, it shall be dealt with as follows:— (i) if the capital gains exceeds the cost of new asset, such excess shall be charged under section 67, and for computing any capital gains arising from the transfer of the new asset within three years of its purchase or construction, the cost shall be nil; or (ii) if the capital gains is equal to or less than the cost of new asset, no capital gains shall be charged under section 67 and for computing capital gains from the transfer of the new asset within three years of its purchase or construction, the cost shall be reduced by the amount of the capital gains. (2) If the capital gains referred to in sub-section (1) is not utilised by the assessee to purchase the new asset before filing the return of income under section 263, then––

(a) the unutilised amount shall be deposited in a specified bank or institution and utilised as per the scheme notified by the Central Government; (b) such deposit shall be made before the filing of the return not later than the due date applicable in the case of the assessee for filing the return of income under the section 263(1); and (c) the proof of deposit shall be submitted along with such return. (3) For the purposes of sub-section (1), the amount already utilised for purchasing or constructing the new asset together with the deposited amount under sub-section (2), shall be deemed to be the cost of the new asset. (4) If the amount deposited under sub-section (2) is not fully utilised for the purchase or construction of the new asset within the period specified in sub-section (1), then,— (a) the unutilised amount shall be charged under section 67 as the income of the tax year in which three years from the date of the transfer of the original asset expires; and (b) the assessee shall be entitled to withdraw such unutilised amount in accordance with the scheme referred to in sub-section (2).

Shahi & Co. — Our Understanding
This section falls under Chapter IV which governs the computation of total income under all five heads: Salaries, House Property, Business & Profession, Capital Gains, and Other Sources.
Practical Note: All income earned by a taxpayer in a tax year must be computed under one of these heads. Proper classification determines the applicable deductions, set-off rules, and tax rates.
Shahi & Co., Chartered Accountants
Need guidance on Section 84?
Our Direct Tax team advises individuals, businesses, and start-ups on all provisions of the Income Tax Act, 2025. We help you navigate the transition from the old Act with zero disruption to your compliance calendar.
Consult Our Tax Team →
← Previous
Section 83: Capital gains on transfer of land used for ag
Next →
Section 85: Capital gains not to be charged on investment
← Full IT Act 2025 Index ESOP Taxation Guide TDS under IT Act 2025 NRI Residency Rules
Disclaimer: This is a reproduction of Section 84 of the Income Tax Act, 2025 (No. 30 of 2025) as published in the Official Gazette of India (CG-DL-E-22082025-265620) for informational and reference purposes only. Shahi & Co., Chartered Accountants makes no warranty as to completeness or accuracy. For the official authenticated text refer to egazette.gov.in or incometaxindia.gov.in. This does not constitute legal or tax advice.