Income Tax Act, 2025  ·  Chapter XII — Tax on Special Incomes  ·  Section 232

Section 232
Certain conditions for applicability of tonnage tax

IT Act 2025 Chapter XII Effective 1 April 2026 Old: 115VT
New Provision
Section 232, IT Act 2025
Replaces (IT Act 1961)
115VT
Chapter
Chapter XII — Tax on Special Incomes
Effective From
1 April 2026
Statutory Text — Section 232

(1) A tonnage tax company shall, subject to and as per the provisions of this section, be required to credit to a reserve account (herein referred to as the Tonnage Tax Reserve Account) an amount, being 20% or more of the book profit derived from the activities referred to in section 228(1)(a) and (b) in each tax year to be utilised in the manner laid down in sub-section (6). (2) For the purposes of this section, the expression “book profit” shall have the meaning assigned to it in section 206(1)(c) so far as it relates to the income derived from the activities referred to in section 228(1)(a) and (b). (3) Where the company has–– (a) book profit from the business of operating qualifying ships; and (b) book loss from any other sources, and consequently, the company is not in a position to create the full or any part of the reserves under sub-section (1), the company shall create the reserves to the extent possible in that tax year and the shortfall, if any, shall be added to the reserves required to be created for the following tax year and such shortfall shall be deemed to be part of the reserve requirement of that following tax year. (4) For the purposes of sub-section (3), to the extent the shortfall in creation of reserves during a particular tax year is carried forward to the following tax year under the said sub-section, the company shall be considered as having created sufficient reserves for the first mentioned tax year. (5) For the purposes of sub-section (3), nothing contained in sub-section (4) shall apply in respect of the second year in case the shortfall in creation of reserves continues for two consecutive tax years. (6) The amount credited to the Tonnage Tax Reserve Account under sub-section (1) shall be utilised by the company before the expiry of eight years Direct Taxes Committee 3 3 4

following the tax year in which the amount was credited— (a) for acquiring a new ship or new inland vessel, as the case may be, for the purposes of the business of the company; and (b) until the acquisition of a new ship or new inland vessel, as the case may be, for the purposes of the business of operating qualifying ships other than for distribution by way of dividends or profits or for remittance outside India as profits or for the creation of any asset outside India. (7) Where any amount credited to the Tonnage Tax Reserve Account under sub-section (1),— (a) has been utilised for any purpose other than that referred to in sub-section (6); or (b) has not been utilised for the purpose specified in sub-section (6)(a); or (c) has been utilised for the purpose of acquiring a new ship or new inland vessel, as the case may be, as specified in sub-section (6)(a), but such ship or inland vessel, as the case may be, is sold or otherwise transferred, other than in any scheme of demerger by the company to any person at any time before the expiry of three years from the end of the tax year in which it was acquired, an amount which bears the same proportion to the total relevant shipping income of the year in which such reserve was created, as the amount out of such reserve so utilised or not utilised bears to the total reserve created during that year under sub-section (1) shall be taxable under the other provisions of this Act— (i) in a case referred to in clause (a), in the year in which the amount was so utilised; or (ii) in a case referred to in clause (b), in the year immediately following eight years specified in sub-section (6); or (iii) in a case referred to in clause (c), in the year in which the sale or transfer took place. (8) The income so taxable under the other provisions of this Act, referred to in sub-section (7), shall be reduced by the proportionate tonnage income charged to tax in the year of creation of such reserves. (9) Irrespective of anything contained in any other provision of this Part, where the amount credited to the Tonnage Tax Reserve Account as per Direct Taxes Committee 3 3 5

sub-section (1) is less than the minimum amount required to be credited under sub-section (1), an amount which bears the same proportion to the total relevant shipping income, as the shortfall in credit to the reserves bears to the minimum reserve required to be credited under sub-section (1), shall not be taxable under the tonnage tax scheme and shall be taxable under the other provisions of this Act. (10) If the reserve required to be created under sub-section (1) is not created for any two consecutive tax years, the option of the company for tonnage tax scheme shall cease to have effect from the beginning of the tax year following the second consecutive tax year in which the failure to create the reserve under sub-section (1) had occurred.

Shahi & Co. — Our Understanding
This section is part of Chapter XII of the Income Tax Act, 2025, effective from 1 April 2026. It carries forward the corresponding provision from the Income Tax Act, 1961 with simplified language and restructured drafting.
Practical Note: For specific guidance on how this provision applies to your situation, consult a qualified Chartered Accountant. The Income Tax Act, 2025 retains the substance of the old law while making it more accessible.
Shahi & Co., Chartered Accountants
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Disclaimer: This is a reproduction of Section 232 of the Income Tax Act, 2025 (No. 30 of 2025) as published in the Official Gazette of India (CG-DL-E-22082025-265620) for informational and reference purposes only. Shahi & Co., Chartered Accountants makes no warranty as to completeness or accuracy. For the official authenticated text refer to egazette.gov.in or incometaxindia.gov.in. This does not constitute legal or tax advice.